I ran the following on abcl 1.4 on windows 10 with Java 1.8.0_112 with --noinint.

I test uiop:run-program like this:
(uiop/run-program:run-program '("where.exe" "java.exe") :output :string)


It works fine with asdf-3.1.7. If I load 3-1.7.43, it works only on the second try of a session.

Session transcript with 3.1.7:
CL-USER(5): (load "asdf-3.1.7.lisp")
T
CL-USER(6):  (uiop/run-program:run-program '("where.exe" "java.exe") :output :string)
"C:\\ProgramData\\Oracle\\Java\\javapath\\java.exe
"
NIL
0

If I load 3-1.7.43, it works only on the second try of a session.

Here is a synopsis of doing run-program twice:

CL-USER(2): (uiop/run-program:run-program '("where.exe" "java.exe") :output :string)
Error loading jar:file:C:/mv-program-files/abcl-bin-1.4.0/abcl.jar!/org/armedbear/lisp/run-program.abcl at line 166 (offset 8688)
#<THREAD "interpreter" {34D8B89D}>: Debugger invoked on condition of type ERROR
  Class not found: java.lang.UNIXProcess
Restarts:
  0: TOP-LEVEL Return to top level.
[1] SYS(3):

Pressing `0' results in a huge java stack:

java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
...
        at org.armedbear.lisp.LispThread.execute(LispThread.java:798)
        at org.armedbear.lisp.Interpreter.run(Interpreter.java:361)
        at org.armedbear.lisp.Main$1.run(Main.java:48)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.armedbear.lisp.Go
Error loading jar:file:C:/mv-program-files/abcl-bin-1.4.0/abcl.jar!/org/armedbear/lisp/run-program.abcl at line 166 (offset 8688)
#<THREAD "interpreter" {34D8B89D}>: Debugger invoked on condition of type ERROR
  Compiled function can't be loaded: org.armedbear.lisp.run_program_49 from org.armedbear.lisp.Pathname@3027289e
Restarts:
  0: TOP-LEVEL Return to top level.

Pressing `0' brings be back to the top level from which I try again run program, this time with success.

[1] SYS(4): 0
CL-USER(5): (uiop/run-program:run-program '("where.exe" "java.exe") :output :string)
"C:\\ProgramData\\Oracle\\Java\\javapath\\java.exe
"
NIL
0
CL-USER(6):